Two Step Mechanism of Lasik
LASIK is a 2-step process, involving:
1. the creation of a thin flap in the outer cornea
2. lifting of the flap, and reshaping the deeper cornea underneath to correct the power with an excimer laser.
The creation of the corneal flap in the first step can be made with either a special femtosecond laser (Intralase) or a metal oscillating blade (microkeratome). While we have had great experience with the metal blade for many years, the newer Intralase method of flap creation is gaining popularity in recent years. The reason for this is increased safety, and possibly better visual results with all-laser LASIK, where both first and second steps are done with 2 different types of laser. This increased safety comes at a cost, as all-laser LASIK is more expensive than LASIK with a metal blade. The US Navy has endorse all-laser LASIK as the only method of LASIK acceptable for its pilots and aviators, while the space agency NASA has given its endorsement to all-laser LASIK, approving it as the only form of LASIK acceptable for its astronauts.
for further information: http://www.eyewisevision.com.sg/services_lasik.htm?gclid=CIiFu9W21acCFQd76wodPm2U-Q
1. the creation of a thin flap in the outer cornea
2. lifting of the flap, and reshaping the deeper cornea underneath to correct the power with an excimer laser.
The creation of the corneal flap in the first step can be made with either a special femtosecond laser (Intralase) or a metal oscillating blade (microkeratome). While we have had great experience with the metal blade for many years, the newer Intralase method of flap creation is gaining popularity in recent years. The reason for this is increased safety, and possibly better visual results with all-laser LASIK, where both first and second steps are done with 2 different types of laser. This increased safety comes at a cost, as all-laser LASIK is more expensive than LASIK with a metal blade. The US Navy has endorse all-laser LASIK as the only method of LASIK acceptable for its pilots and aviators, while the space agency NASA has given its endorsement to all-laser LASIK, approving it as the only form of LASIK acceptable for its astronauts.
for further information: http://www.eyewisevision.com.sg/services_lasik.htm?gclid=CIiFu9W21acCFQd76wodPm2U-Q
Photorefractive Keratectomy
PRK, or photorefractive keratectomy, is one of the first eye developed repair procedures. During this procedure the top layer of cells covering the cornea, epithelial layer, carefully removed. After the surgeon removed the cell layers using the Excimer laser to shape the cornea. How much corneal tissue is removed for re-formation process depends on how bad the man's eyes. PRK differs from LASIK procedure in the corneal flap is not created, so the lack of change in the cornea during PRK surgery. This surgery is often used in people who can not get LASIK because they have very thin corneas.
Custom Wavefront LASIK uses some of the latest technology to improve procedures for corrective eye surgery. Types of procedures using Wavefront technology to adjust the correction procedure LASIK someone. The advantage of this technology is that patients can have their corneas mapped down to the smallest detail. The surgeon then can achieve a better level of correction when the cornea is reshaped. Wavefront LASIK results reported improved quality of vision, decreased night vision difficulties, and reduction in halos and glare. The procedure used to correct corneal LASIK surgery as the original.
Epi-LASIK is the advanced LASIK procedure was developed to overcome some problems that arise from the LASIK procedure. Original LASIK corrects the cornea by cutting the corneal flap in itself, this procedure can sometimes cause visual disturbances such as halos, and people with thin corneas who can not undergo regular LASIK procedure. Epi-LASIK is a procedure that corrects vision by lifting the top layer of corneal epithelial tissue, the cornea is sculpted. No flap in the cornea is produced, and the epithelial layer grows back within 3-5 days. Epi-LASIK procedure can be performed in patients with thin corneas and patients with high myopia.
Lasek, or Laser-Assisted Sub-epithelial keratectomy, is the eye correction procedure performed since 1996. This procedure was developed from PRK and LASIK procedures, and was created in order to overcome the complications and problems arising from PRK and LASIK procedures. Lasek Procedure using trephine blade solutions smooth 20% alcohol and gently lift the top layer of surface epithelial layer and fold back the eye. cornea is then reshaped with the Excimer laser, and the epithelial layer is put back and left to heal. PRK procedure does not protect epithelial layer, and the LASIK procedure uses a thicker blade to cut deeper into the cornea.
IntraLase "Bladeless" eye surgery is a corrective eye surgery that uses a laser instead of a knife, to create a flap in the cornea. Corrective eye surgery 'Bladeless' is a technique available at this time. IntraLase laser works by creating a small layer of bubbles just below the surface of the cornea, this layer of bubbles allow the surgeon to gently lift the lid back without using a knife, and then the cornea is reshaped. flap was folded back after surgery and left to heal. Bladeless IntraLase procedure reduces the likelihood of complications that can occur from cutting into the cornea.
Presby LASIK, also known as Multifocal LASIK, eye correction is a procedure used to treat the eye condition called presbyopia. Presbyopia is a condition that usually occurs in people between 40 to 50 years. This condition is characterized by the inability to focus at all distances; multifocal glasses used in these cases to improve vision. Presby LASIK procedure uses a laser to reshape the eye into the design that works like a multi-focus lens. 'Peak' is often left on the cornea, and then gradually flat side. The end result is the ability to focus on near and far distance at the same time. This procedure has not been approved by the FDA, the only way to receive the Presby LASIK in the United States is to join a clinical trial.
Custom Wavefront LASIK uses some of the latest technology to improve procedures for corrective eye surgery. Types of procedures using Wavefront technology to adjust the correction procedure LASIK someone. The advantage of this technology is that patients can have their corneas mapped down to the smallest detail. The surgeon then can achieve a better level of correction when the cornea is reshaped. Wavefront LASIK results reported improved quality of vision, decreased night vision difficulties, and reduction in halos and glare. The procedure used to correct corneal LASIK surgery as the original.
Epi-LASIK is the advanced LASIK procedure was developed to overcome some problems that arise from the LASIK procedure. Original LASIK corrects the cornea by cutting the corneal flap in itself, this procedure can sometimes cause visual disturbances such as halos, and people with thin corneas who can not undergo regular LASIK procedure. Epi-LASIK is a procedure that corrects vision by lifting the top layer of corneal epithelial tissue, the cornea is sculpted. No flap in the cornea is produced, and the epithelial layer grows back within 3-5 days. Epi-LASIK procedure can be performed in patients with thin corneas and patients with high myopia.
Lasek, or Laser-Assisted Sub-epithelial keratectomy, is the eye correction procedure performed since 1996. This procedure was developed from PRK and LASIK procedures, and was created in order to overcome the complications and problems arising from PRK and LASIK procedures. Lasek Procedure using trephine blade solutions smooth 20% alcohol and gently lift the top layer of surface epithelial layer and fold back the eye. cornea is then reshaped with the Excimer laser, and the epithelial layer is put back and left to heal. PRK procedure does not protect epithelial layer, and the LASIK procedure uses a thicker blade to cut deeper into the cornea.
IntraLase "Bladeless" eye surgery is a corrective eye surgery that uses a laser instead of a knife, to create a flap in the cornea. Corrective eye surgery 'Bladeless' is a technique available at this time. IntraLase laser works by creating a small layer of bubbles just below the surface of the cornea, this layer of bubbles allow the surgeon to gently lift the lid back without using a knife, and then the cornea is reshaped. flap was folded back after surgery and left to heal. Bladeless IntraLase procedure reduces the likelihood of complications that can occur from cutting into the cornea.
Presby LASIK, also known as Multifocal LASIK, eye correction is a procedure used to treat the eye condition called presbyopia. Presbyopia is a condition that usually occurs in people between 40 to 50 years. This condition is characterized by the inability to focus at all distances; multifocal glasses used in these cases to improve vision. Presby LASIK procedure uses a laser to reshape the eye into the design that works like a multi-focus lens. 'Peak' is often left on the cornea, and then gradually flat side. The end result is the ability to focus on near and far distance at the same time. This procedure has not been approved by the FDA, the only way to receive the Presby LASIK in the United States is to join a clinical trial.
Computer Vision Syndrom
CVS (Computer Vision Syndrome) is a term used to describe a collection of symptoms caused by prolonged computer use.
Symptoms of CVS
People who suffer from CVS may experience the following symptoms:
* Dry eyes
* Headaches
* Eye irritation
* Blurred vision
* Light sensitivity
* Temporary inability to focus on a distant object (pseudomyopia)
* Double vision
* Squinting
* Neck and shoulder pain
Main source: http://vision.about.com/od/sportsvision/a/Computer_Vision.htm?nl=1
Symptoms of CVS
People who suffer from CVS may experience the following symptoms:
* Dry eyes
* Headaches
* Eye irritation
* Blurred vision
* Light sensitivity
* Temporary inability to focus on a distant object (pseudomyopia)
* Double vision
* Squinting
* Neck and shoulder pain
Main source: http://vision.about.com/od/sportsvision/a/Computer_Vision.htm?nl=1
Army and LASIK
Army, Navy, Marine & Air Force personnel who carry out their tasks in different environments and under conditions that are less suitable to wear glasses or contact lenses. military personnel perform better if they do not have to worry about broken glasses, lost contact lenses, or eyeglasses and lenses fogging up at critical moments. In addition, the compatibility of glass with night vision goggles, gas masks, equipment and other systems that aim is a constant source of concern in terms of safety and performance of duties. We can only imagine the challenges that are presented to those who depend on glasses or contact lenses when trying to run a complicated system display, wearing a protective mask or goggles night vision, working in rain, mud and sand or other conditions that are difficult for most of us to understand.
Based on the research and field and clinical data and feedback that has been observed and collected before, during and after deployment is no limit on the actual types of Laser Eye Surgery (PRK vs LASIK) that personnel may be eligible for.
Nearly all active-duty and activated National Guard and Reserve soldiers-Army, Navy, Air Force or Marines-are eligible for under the Warfighter Laser Eye Surgery Eye Surgery Program bias (WRESP) if they meet certain criteria. But every branch of service may have slightly different policies concerning new accessions or retention of active duty for PRK and LASIK. In general, there are few if any restrictions on the CRP, but LASIK may be prohibited in the Special Forces troops and anyone considering HALO SCUBA or school. LASIK may not be permitted in the Special Forces who consider that during LASIK surgery is completed before entering the Special Forces.
Navy and Marines will routinely make exceptions for student pilots or naval aviator to fly after PRK, with preoperative standard assumptions are met, there were no complications in the healing process that appear and pass the standard vision tests. Candidates who had PRK can get a blanket exemption for the Special Forces Qualification, Combat Diving Qualification and Military Free Fall courses. PRK and LASIK both released for Airborne, Air Assault and Ranger schools. However, those who had LASIK must enroll in an observational study, if slots are available, to undergo training in Special Forces qualification. LASIK is a cancellation / non-waiverable to several United States Army Special Operations Command (USASOC) schools (HALO, SCUBA, SERE) in accordance with Army Regulation 40-501.
Once again, the Army, Navy, Air Force and Marines have a policy that might be slightly different from the policies of each eye surgery, so it is important to contact the nearest service Warfighter same refractive Eye Surgery Center and review the specific questions and eligibility requirements and neglect.
Requirements General Requirements
* Active Duty, Activated National Guard and Reserve Personnel Activated
* Approval of Commanding Officer
* At least 18 Months Left On Active Duty After Surgery or in Conjunction with the Execution Reenlistment Action
* No Adverse Personnel Action Pending
* At least 18 of age
* Ability to attend all appointments Pre-Operative and Post-Operative
General Information About PRK & LASIK for Military Personnel
Laser Eye Surgery Follow-Up and Deployment
Commanders of military personnel and officials must be aware of and comfortable with the requirements associated with Laser Eye Surgery in order to effectively plan the training and deployment.
After Laser Eye Surgery, everyone is treated will have a strict protocol prescribed medication and physical activity profiles in order to optimize healing healing minimize the risk of injury to the eye. Most often, a few days after the quarter-Laser Eye Surgery is recommended. PRK patients are usually given oral pain medication to minimize discomfort after surgery, however, patients rarely experience significant pain for several days after surgery. LASIK usually causes only minimal or mild discomfort for a day or two after treatment. enough for normal driving standard retunes usually within 1-2 days after LASIK, and within a few days after PRK Vision.
It is important to use protective eye after refractive surgery, for example by eliminating the need for eyeglasses, personnel are now vulnerable to projectile objects that can injure the naked eye. The use of eye protection is essential following refractive surgery should be provided by one housing unit or a Laser Eye Center where the procedure.
Time required for maintenance of PRK or LASIK procedure was generally less than 30 minutes in total per patient for both eyes. However, you may find that you actually spent the better part of morning or afternoon at Laser Eye Center, because there is no preparation pretreatment and post-test protocols and protocols for managed care.
Minimum Requirements Typical Visit Post Operative & Distribution Profile
* Post-op appointment one day, one week and one month after LASIK.
* Post-op appointment one day, one week, one month and three months after PRK.
* After LASIK you should get at least 6 weeks nondeployable profile. *
* After PRK you should get a 3-month nondeployable profile.
In the June 2009 edition of Ophthalmology Times according to Lt. Col. Charles D. Reilly, MD, Chief of Cornea / External Disease & refractive surgery at Wilford Hall Medical Center San Antonio, Texas, Laser Eye Surgery to fix common problems such as refractive eye nearsightedness, farsightedness and astigmatism has had "remarkable record of safety and efficacy" in among troops involved in Operation Iraqi Freedom in Iraq and Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan. Dr. Reilly has served as Chairman of the Warfighter refractive Eye Surgery Center at Lackland Air Force Base in San Antonio and as a consultant refractive surgeon in the Air Force Surgeon General.
Dr. Reilly stated, "As a consultant for refractive surgery in the Air Force, I was interested primarily in what kinds of complications that we see in patients whom we could perform the operation, both before and after we get them deployed." More than 15,000 members of the armed forces of LASIK or PRK every year. The most common complication is spreading too quickly after surgery, often times they return in an active theater of operations within 2 weeks. Dr Reilly commented that trying to put your post-op "drops in your eyes while avoiding enemy bullets just not a good idea." Overall complication rate is mediocre with more military personnel came to the house with a basketball injury from complications of refractive surgery. Even with the number of troops suffered significant trauma to the eye in the theater, there is no dislocation in patients with LASIK flap. He warned that this data is primarily for Air Force personnel and it is possible that the rate of complications might have been higher among ground troops. Army recently released a policy which states that personnel can not deploy for 90 days after PRK, which Dr. Reilly feels, is a wise course.
Profiles are given to optimize healing and minimize the risk of injury to the eye after Laser Eye Surgery. Compliance with restrictions on the profile is mandatory. For 30 days after the operation, personnel must be treated not live in tents, working in sunny, dusty or windy, swim, wear protective masks or face paint, firearms or drive military vehicles. Also, when bright or ambient light, employees should be treated is allowed to wear sunglasses at all times during one year after Laser Eye Surgery in order to minimize the risk of ultraviolet light.
Based on the research and field and clinical data and feedback that has been observed and collected before, during and after deployment is no limit on the actual types of Laser Eye Surgery (PRK vs LASIK) that personnel may be eligible for.
Nearly all active-duty and activated National Guard and Reserve soldiers-Army, Navy, Air Force or Marines-are eligible for under the Warfighter Laser Eye Surgery Eye Surgery Program bias (WRESP) if they meet certain criteria. But every branch of service may have slightly different policies concerning new accessions or retention of active duty for PRK and LASIK. In general, there are few if any restrictions on the CRP, but LASIK may be prohibited in the Special Forces troops and anyone considering HALO SCUBA or school. LASIK may not be permitted in the Special Forces who consider that during LASIK surgery is completed before entering the Special Forces.
Navy and Marines will routinely make exceptions for student pilots or naval aviator to fly after PRK, with preoperative standard assumptions are met, there were no complications in the healing process that appear and pass the standard vision tests. Candidates who had PRK can get a blanket exemption for the Special Forces Qualification, Combat Diving Qualification and Military Free Fall courses. PRK and LASIK both released for Airborne, Air Assault and Ranger schools. However, those who had LASIK must enroll in an observational study, if slots are available, to undergo training in Special Forces qualification. LASIK is a cancellation / non-waiverable to several United States Army Special Operations Command (USASOC) schools (HALO, SCUBA, SERE) in accordance with Army Regulation 40-501.
Once again, the Army, Navy, Air Force and Marines have a policy that might be slightly different from the policies of each eye surgery, so it is important to contact the nearest service Warfighter same refractive Eye Surgery Center and review the specific questions and eligibility requirements and neglect.
Requirements General Requirements
* Active Duty, Activated National Guard and Reserve Personnel Activated
* Approval of Commanding Officer
* At least 18 Months Left On Active Duty After Surgery or in Conjunction with the Execution Reenlistment Action
* No Adverse Personnel Action Pending
* At least 18 of age
* Ability to attend all appointments Pre-Operative and Post-Operative
General Information About PRK & LASIK for Military Personnel
Laser Eye Surgery Follow-Up and Deployment
Commanders of military personnel and officials must be aware of and comfortable with the requirements associated with Laser Eye Surgery in order to effectively plan the training and deployment.
After Laser Eye Surgery, everyone is treated will have a strict protocol prescribed medication and physical activity profiles in order to optimize healing healing minimize the risk of injury to the eye. Most often, a few days after the quarter-Laser Eye Surgery is recommended. PRK patients are usually given oral pain medication to minimize discomfort after surgery, however, patients rarely experience significant pain for several days after surgery. LASIK usually causes only minimal or mild discomfort for a day or two after treatment. enough for normal driving standard retunes usually within 1-2 days after LASIK, and within a few days after PRK Vision.
It is important to use protective eye after refractive surgery, for example by eliminating the need for eyeglasses, personnel are now vulnerable to projectile objects that can injure the naked eye. The use of eye protection is essential following refractive surgery should be provided by one housing unit or a Laser Eye Center where the procedure.
Time required for maintenance of PRK or LASIK procedure was generally less than 30 minutes in total per patient for both eyes. However, you may find that you actually spent the better part of morning or afternoon at Laser Eye Center, because there is no preparation pretreatment and post-test protocols and protocols for managed care.
Minimum Requirements Typical Visit Post Operative & Distribution Profile
* Post-op appointment one day, one week and one month after LASIK.
* Post-op appointment one day, one week, one month and three months after PRK.
* After LASIK you should get at least 6 weeks nondeployable profile. *
* After PRK you should get a 3-month nondeployable profile.
In the June 2009 edition of Ophthalmology Times according to Lt. Col. Charles D. Reilly, MD, Chief of Cornea / External Disease & refractive surgery at Wilford Hall Medical Center San Antonio, Texas, Laser Eye Surgery to fix common problems such as refractive eye nearsightedness, farsightedness and astigmatism has had "remarkable record of safety and efficacy" in among troops involved in Operation Iraqi Freedom in Iraq and Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan. Dr. Reilly has served as Chairman of the Warfighter refractive Eye Surgery Center at Lackland Air Force Base in San Antonio and as a consultant refractive surgeon in the Air Force Surgeon General.
Dr. Reilly stated, "As a consultant for refractive surgery in the Air Force, I was interested primarily in what kinds of complications that we see in patients whom we could perform the operation, both before and after we get them deployed." More than 15,000 members of the armed forces of LASIK or PRK every year. The most common complication is spreading too quickly after surgery, often times they return in an active theater of operations within 2 weeks. Dr Reilly commented that trying to put your post-op "drops in your eyes while avoiding enemy bullets just not a good idea." Overall complication rate is mediocre with more military personnel came to the house with a basketball injury from complications of refractive surgery. Even with the number of troops suffered significant trauma to the eye in the theater, there is no dislocation in patients with LASIK flap. He warned that this data is primarily for Air Force personnel and it is possible that the rate of complications might have been higher among ground troops. Army recently released a policy which states that personnel can not deploy for 90 days after PRK, which Dr. Reilly feels, is a wise course.
Profiles are given to optimize healing and minimize the risk of injury to the eye after Laser Eye Surgery. Compliance with restrictions on the profile is mandatory. For 30 days after the operation, personnel must be treated not live in tents, working in sunny, dusty or windy, swim, wear protective masks or face paint, firearms or drive military vehicles. Also, when bright or ambient light, employees should be treated is allowed to wear sunglasses at all times during one year after Laser Eye Surgery in order to minimize the risk of ultraviolet light.
The Right Candidate For LASIK
Refractive surgery is not for everyone. In addition to the ownership of a complete eye examination to find whether you are a candidate (candidates) for the operation, there are certain questions you should ask yourself before considering LASIK or other refractive procedures.
1. Am I willing to accept a risk of surgical complications is small but real? Although modern Lasik is very safe with rare complications, still there are times when complications occur that can not be avoided that can negatively affect your vision.
2. Is my career allowed me to get LASIK? Although now there are few organizations that prohibit certain employees or their members get refractive surgery, if there is any doubt, it is important to ask your employer, community worker, or military service whether you are allowed to undergo refractive surgery.
3. Does my vision has been stable long enough to get LASIK? While minor changes in your prescription is not uncommon from year to year, if your prescription continue to be progressively stronger (ie, more myopic, more hyperopic, astigmatism or more) every year, then you might still not a candidate Good for refractive surgery.
4. Do I have any health conditions that make me a bad candidate that operation? Certain autoimmune diseases that have been advanced, such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, may affect healing after surgery.
5. Is my recreational activities make me a bad candidate for surgery? There is a lifetime risk of dislocation cover LASIK if there is an injury (trauma) is significant at the eye, so the people who participate in contact sports such as boxing, martial arts, or wrestling is not likely to be a good candidate for LASIK. In these circumstances, other refractive procedures, especially surface ablation, is perhaps the choices more appropriate.
6. Am I too young or too old for LASIK? There are no rules hard and fast about the right age for LASIK. However, patients under 18 years are rarely stable enough for LASIK, and patients who are older may begin to develop cataracts, cataracts or eye health problems that prevent them other than to undergo LASIK. Once again, the best way to determine these things is to get a full eye examination.
7. Do I have keratoconus? Keratoconus is a corneal disease that resulted from the reduced strength of the cornea that can be detected as an abnormal curvature of the test. Patients who have evidence of keratoconus are not candidates for LASIK or surface ablation, but new technologies may be available for these individuals.
1. Am I willing to accept a risk of surgical complications is small but real? Although modern Lasik is very safe with rare complications, still there are times when complications occur that can not be avoided that can negatively affect your vision.
2. Is my career allowed me to get LASIK? Although now there are few organizations that prohibit certain employees or their members get refractive surgery, if there is any doubt, it is important to ask your employer, community worker, or military service whether you are allowed to undergo refractive surgery.
3. Does my vision has been stable long enough to get LASIK? While minor changes in your prescription is not uncommon from year to year, if your prescription continue to be progressively stronger (ie, more myopic, more hyperopic, astigmatism or more) every year, then you might still not a candidate Good for refractive surgery.
4. Do I have any health conditions that make me a bad candidate that operation? Certain autoimmune diseases that have been advanced, such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis, may affect healing after surgery.
5. Is my recreational activities make me a bad candidate for surgery? There is a lifetime risk of dislocation cover LASIK if there is an injury (trauma) is significant at the eye, so the people who participate in contact sports such as boxing, martial arts, or wrestling is not likely to be a good candidate for LASIK. In these circumstances, other refractive procedures, especially surface ablation, is perhaps the choices more appropriate.
6. Am I too young or too old for LASIK? There are no rules hard and fast about the right age for LASIK. However, patients under 18 years are rarely stable enough for LASIK, and patients who are older may begin to develop cataracts, cataracts or eye health problems that prevent them other than to undergo LASIK. Once again, the best way to determine these things is to get a full eye examination.
7. Do I have keratoconus? Keratoconus is a corneal disease that resulted from the reduced strength of the cornea that can be detected as an abnormal curvature of the test. Patients who have evidence of keratoconus are not candidates for LASIK or surface ablation, but new technologies may be available for these individuals.
Main Types of Refractive Errors
In our eyes, the front surface (cornea) and the lens inside the eye to form "convergence system (focus)" eyes and is primarily responsible for the concentration (focus) light rays on the surface of the retina, very like the lens of a camera ray mengfokus on the film. In a perfect optical system, the strength of the cornea and lens are perfectly matched with the length of the eyes and the pictures are in focus; any discrepancies on this system is called a refractive error (refractive error), and the result is a blurred image at several locations .
Myopia (nearsighted): In people with myopia, a mismatch in the power of concentration (focus) and the length of the eye causing distant objects are blurred and near objects more clearly.
Hyperopia (eye distance): In people with hyperopia, the discrepancies in the power of concentration (focus) and eye length causes nearby objects are blurred and distant objects are relatively clear.
Astigmatism: In people with astigmatism, one of the shape of the cornea or lens shape distorted, causing a variety of images on the retina. This causes the objects at all distances appear blurred. Many people have a combination of one of the myopia or hyperopia with astigmatism.
Myopia (nearsighted): In people with myopia, a mismatch in the power of concentration (focus) and the length of the eye causing distant objects are blurred and near objects more clearly.
Hyperopia (eye distance): In people with hyperopia, the discrepancies in the power of concentration (focus) and eye length causes nearby objects are blurred and distant objects are relatively clear.
Astigmatism: In people with astigmatism, one of the shape of the cornea or lens shape distorted, causing a variety of images on the retina. This causes the objects at all distances appear blurred. Many people have a combination of one of the myopia or hyperopia with astigmatism.
8 Reasons Lasik May Not Be Right For You
Not everyone is be recommended to undergo lasik eye surgery. Following are the top 8 reasons lasik eye surgery may not be right for you.
1. You are younger than 18 years old.
2. You are pregnant or nursing.
3. You are taking prescription drugs.
4. Your vision is not stable.
5. You are not in good general health.
6. You have dry eye syndrome.
7. You have unrealistic expectations.
8. Your pupils dilate more than seven millimeters in the dark.
for further information: http://vision.about.com/od/lasikandvisionsurgery/tp/LASIK.htm
1. You are younger than 18 years old.
2. You are pregnant or nursing.
3. You are taking prescription drugs.
4. Your vision is not stable.
5. You are not in good general health.
6. You have dry eye syndrome.
7. You have unrealistic expectations.
8. Your pupils dilate more than seven millimeters in the dark.
for further information: http://vision.about.com/od/lasikandvisionsurgery/tp/LASIK.htm
Risks of Lasik
A small percentage of people may need to have another surgery because the condition is over- or under-corrected. Sometimes, you will still need to wear contact lenses or glasses.
LASIK is eye surgery that permanently changes the shape of the cornea (the clear covering on the front of the eye) in order to improve vision and reduce a person's dependency on glasses or contact lenses.
Risks may include:
* Corneal infection
* Corneal scarring or permanent problems with the cornea's shape, making it impossible to wear contact lenses
* Decrease in contrast sensitivity -- even with 20/20 vision, objects may appear fuzzy or gray
* Dry eyes
* Glare or haloes
* Light sensitivity
* Night driving problems
* Patches of red or pink in the white of the eye (usually temporary)
* Reduced vision or permanent vision loss
* Scratchiness
Modification from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007018.htm
LASIK is eye surgery that permanently changes the shape of the cornea (the clear covering on the front of the eye) in order to improve vision and reduce a person's dependency on glasses or contact lenses.
Risks may include:
* Corneal infection
* Corneal scarring or permanent problems with the cornea's shape, making it impossible to wear contact lenses
* Decrease in contrast sensitivity -- even with 20/20 vision, objects may appear fuzzy or gray
* Dry eyes
* Glare or haloes
* Light sensitivity
* Night driving problems
* Patches of red or pink in the white of the eye (usually temporary)
* Reduced vision or permanent vision loss
* Scratchiness
Modification from: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007018.htm
Lasik is Still at Risk
After 10 years of laser surgery lasik approved The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), tens of millions of people around the world have felt the benefits. No more stiff to wear glasses or have to be diligent to clean as when wearing contact lenses.
Doctors at the clinic lasik even mention it without the risk of long-term complications.
Among the millions of patients who already enjoy lasik who complained of some minor side effects. Eyes become sore, dry, foggy vision, and color looks to be mixed. Some say the eyesight deteriorates, so could not watch a movie or drive at night.
From the FDA launched a complaint like that kind of lasik safety audits. "The technology used is more advanced, more secure, but still there are patients who are not satisfied with the results," said Director of FDA's Division
Equipment and Radiological Health, Dr. Daniel G. Schultz as quoted by the Los Angeles Times.
Since the FDA approved in 1998, round of money from lasik eye reached U.S. $ 2.5 billion / year. Until 2006 at least the FDA has received 140 reports of serious side effects lasik.
However, the American Society of Cataract and refractive (ASCR) studied three thousand journal articles that the committee collected, 95% said they are satisfied with the results of operations.
Dr. Kerry Solomon, who led the audit committee on the ASCR program supports the FDA and said no need to rewrite the warning information. The reason, doctors have to inform prospective patients of the potential problems or side effects, however small.
Doctors at the clinic lasik even mention it without the risk of long-term complications.
Among the millions of patients who already enjoy lasik who complained of some minor side effects. Eyes become sore, dry, foggy vision, and color looks to be mixed. Some say the eyesight deteriorates, so could not watch a movie or drive at night.
From the FDA launched a complaint like that kind of lasik safety audits. "The technology used is more advanced, more secure, but still there are patients who are not satisfied with the results," said Director of FDA's Division
Equipment and Radiological Health, Dr. Daniel G. Schultz as quoted by the Los Angeles Times.
Since the FDA approved in 1998, round of money from lasik eye reached U.S. $ 2.5 billion / year. Until 2006 at least the FDA has received 140 reports of serious side effects lasik.
However, the American Society of Cataract and refractive (ASCR) studied three thousand journal articles that the committee collected, 95% said they are satisfied with the results of operations.
Dr. Kerry Solomon, who led the audit committee on the ASCR program supports the FDA and said no need to rewrite the warning information. The reason, doctors have to inform prospective patients of the potential problems or side effects, however small.
Lasik In USA; Negative Effects of Lasik
FDA (The Food and Drug Administration), drug and food regulatory agencies of United States plans to examine the negative effects of lasik surgery. It's be done because many reports of patients who experienced dry eye and blurred vision after lasik surgery.
FDA will work closely with the National Eye Institute and Department of Defense to determine the percentage of patients who experienced problems after lasik surgery. The first thing to be done is to provide an online questionnaire to determine the health condition of patients who had surgery lasik.
In this research note will be included also the results of examination of patients clinically. The results of new research will be concluded in 2012.
"This research is to know the risks of lasik surgery and reduce the negative impact on patients who already live it," said Dr. Jeffrey Shuren, FDA's chief medical section, as quoted from the AP, October 16, 2009.
It is estimated that approximately 6 million Americans undergo lasik surgery. This operation is to overcome vision problems by reshaping the cornea of the eye. Actually there is no guarantee of vision will be back to normal after the lasik surgery and long-term safety for any question.
The ophthalmologist said about 95 percent are satisfied with the results of lasik surgery. But there are also reports of patients who undergo permanent damage to the eyes such as blurred vision, dry eyes and difficulty seeing at night.
FDA will look back at cases that occurred in 2008. In 1998 - 2009, they recorded 140 patients who experienced problems after lasik surgery in America.
FDA will work closely with the National Eye Institute and Department of Defense to determine the percentage of patients who experienced problems after lasik surgery. The first thing to be done is to provide an online questionnaire to determine the health condition of patients who had surgery lasik.
In this research note will be included also the results of examination of patients clinically. The results of new research will be concluded in 2012.
"This research is to know the risks of lasik surgery and reduce the negative impact on patients who already live it," said Dr. Jeffrey Shuren, FDA's chief medical section, as quoted from the AP, October 16, 2009.
It is estimated that approximately 6 million Americans undergo lasik surgery. This operation is to overcome vision problems by reshaping the cornea of the eye. Actually there is no guarantee of vision will be back to normal after the lasik surgery and long-term safety for any question.
The ophthalmologist said about 95 percent are satisfied with the results of lasik surgery. But there are also reports of patients who undergo permanent damage to the eyes such as blurred vision, dry eyes and difficulty seeing at night.
FDA will look back at cases that occurred in 2008. In 1998 - 2009, they recorded 140 patients who experienced problems after lasik surgery in America.
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